Class 12 Geography 2024 Board Exam

Explain the concept of 'Humanisation of Nature' by giving examples.
[Max Marks: 3 | Set: 64/4/1]

Explain the concept of 'Naturalisation of Human'.
[Max Marks: 3 | Set: 64/4/2]

"Human beings can conquer nature by obeying it." Analyse the statement in context of relation between human and nature.
[Max Marks: 3 | Set: 64/4/3]

Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow.
Stages of Demographic Transition Theory
The first stage of demographic transition theory has high fertility and high mortality because people reproduce more to compensate for the deaths due to epidemics and variable food supply. The population growth is slow and most of the people are engaged in agriculture, where large families are an asset. Life expectancy is low, people are mostly illiterate and have low levels of technology. Two hundred years ago, all the countries of the world were in this stage.
Fertility remains high in the beginning of second stage but it declines with time. This is accompanied by reduced mortality rate. Improvements in sanitation and health conditions lead to decline in mortality. Because of this gap, the net addition to population is high.
In the last stage, both fertility and mortality decline considerably. The population is either stable or grows slowly. The population becomes urbanized, literate and has high technical know-how and deliberately controls the family size.
This shows that human beings are extremely flexible and are able to adjust their fertility.
In the present day, different countries are at different stages of demographic transition.

(i) Which among the following stage/stages has/have high growth of population?
[Max Marks: 3 | Sets: 64/1/1, 64/1/2, 64/1/3]

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow:
Demographic Transition Theory
The first stage has high fertility and high mortality because people reproduce more to compensate for the deaths due to epidemics and variable food supply. The population growth is slow and most of the people are engaged in agriculture where large families are an asset. Life expectancy is low, people are mostly illiterate and have low levels of technology. Two hundred years ago all the countries of the world were in this stage.
Fertility remains high in the beginning of second stage but it declines with time. This is accompanied by reduced mortality rate. Improvements in sanitation and health conditions lead to decline in mortality. Because of this gap the net addition to population is high.
In the last stage, both fertility and mortality decline considerably. The population is either stable or grows slowly. The population becomes urbanised, literate and has high technical know-how and deliberately controls the family size.
This shows that human beings are extremely flexible and are able to adjust their fertility.

(i) In which of the following stage/stages, the natural growth of population was/were almost stagnant?
[Max Marks: 3 | Sets: 64/4/1, 64/4/2, 64/4/3]

How is the 'Human Development Index' measured? Explain key areas of human development.
[Max Marks: 5 | Set: 64/1/1]

Name the economist who emphasised on the freedom of choices as the main objective of human development. Explain the four pillars of human development.
[Max Marks: 5 | Set: 64/1/2]

Name the organization that publishes the 'Human Development Report' for the countries every year. Explain the four approaches of 'Human Development'.
[Max Marks: 5 | Set: 64/1/3]